TP4056 module is a constant current-constant voltage linear charging circuit board for 3.7V 18650 lithium cells. Operating on a 5V DC input which can be powered via a USB Type-C cable connected to a smartphone adapter. It continuously monitors the voltage level up to 4.2V and provides a 1A charging current with overcharge protection for a single Li-Ion/Li-Pol cell. Its compact size makes it ideal for portable rechargeable electronic devices.
Specification of TP4056 Lithium Cell Charging Module
The quick technical specification of the circuit board is given below.
| Module Type | Charger |
| Chip Used | TP4056 |
| Input Type | DC |
| Input Voltage | 5V |
| Input Terminal | Type-C USB, IN+, IN- |
| Output Type | Fixed DC |
| Output Voltage | 4.2V |
| Output Terminal | BAT+, BAT- |
| Output Current | 1 Ampere Max. |
| LED Indicator | Red LED for Charging, Blue LED for Charging End |
| PCB Colour | Blue |
TP4056 Lithium Cell Charging Module Circuit Diagram
Schematic of tp4056 lithium cell charging module circuit is shown below.
The components are used in the circuit boards are - U1: TP4056 IC, J1: Type-C 16 Pin Female Connector, R1: 1K2 0603 SMD Resistor, R2 R3: 1K 0603 SMD Resistor, R4: 0R4 0805 SMD Resistor, and C1 C2: 10uF 0603 SMD Ceramic Capacitor.
Working Principle of TP4056 Lithium Cell Charging Module Circuit
The TP4056 SOP-8 package IC (U1) is the main component of this charger module. The circuit board is powered by a 5V DC supply from a USB-C port or by a 5–8V DC input at the IN+ and IN– terminals. A current-limiting resistor (R4) protects the IC's input, while a ceramic capacitor (C1) filters incoming noise.
When the IC (U1) detects a cell voltage below 4.2V at the BAT+ and BAT– terminals, it regulates the output to a constant 4.2V charging voltage. The charging current is set to 1A by a resistor (R1) between the PROG pin and ground.
During charging, the CHRG pin (pin 7) pulls low to light the red LED (D1) through resistor (R2). A second ceramic capacitor (C2) smooths the charging output. Once the cell reaches full charge (4.2V) or is removed, the IC disables charging via the CE pin (pin 8) and pulls the STDBY pin (pin 6) low, lighting the blue LED (D2) through resistor (R3) to indicate charge completion.
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